项目名称：特提斯构造域碰撞造山型金矿成矿机制

项目编号：91855213

项目负责人：孙晓明（中山大学）

项目摘要：　　 

       世界三大成矿域中，特提斯成矿域研究程度最低。特提斯构造域在长期的构造演化过程中，形成了大量的金属和能源矿产，有关这些特色矿产的成矿规律的研究是矿床地质学家重点关注的课题。金矿是特提斯构造域中重要的优势和特色矿产之一，但相比于其他优势矿产而言，目前有关该区金矿成矿特征和机制的研究程度还很低。国际上流行的造山型金矿理论主要是在前寒武克拉通剪切带型金矿基础上发展起来的,一般认为造山型金矿主要发育在增生造山带，而碰撞造山不利于成矿。但在特提斯成矿域，喜马拉雅期造山型金矿大量发育，如伊朗Zagros造山带、藏南金锑成矿带、云南哀牢山和川西金矿带等,但目前我们对于此类新型金矿的成矿机制所知甚少。本项目拟以国际合作方式, 通过对特提斯构造域上不同构造演化阶段，特别是碰撞造山阶段形成的造山型金矿开展研究，围绕该区在主碰撞陆陆汇聚、晚碰撞构造转换和后碰撞地壳伸展等三大关键地质作用过程及相应的金成矿系统，揭示该区构造演化不同阶段中金矿成矿过程和机理；在系统研究该区岩石圈成分结构与时空演变基础上，深入研究金矿成矿系统的结构及其深部驱动机制，了解壳幔相互作用对金成矿的控制作用。本项目的研究将有望建立碰撞造山背景下新的金成矿理论, 有力指导该区金矿勘探，同时将有助于本重大研究计划的关键科学问题之三中“阐明在特提斯构造域内块体在裂解-聚合过程中，岩石圈结构与物质组成发生改变的具体过程与机制，以及如何导致了巨量资源能源的形成”问题的解决。
      伊朗是特提斯构造域经过的重要国家，其中分布着大量世界级贵金属和有色金属矿床，但由于历史的原因，目前对这些矿床成矿规律的研究普遍很低。伊朗也是“一带一路”沿线与中国传统友好的重要国家。本项目研究过程中，将组建中山大学、伊朗著名大型矿业公司和西藏地质矿产局有关人员组成的具有丰富研究经验的研究团队，产学研结合，合作开展中国青藏高原、伊朗和土耳其等地有关金矿的野外考察和室内研究，符合本重大研究计划中“通过广泛的国际合作，建立与“一带一路”地缘国良好的科技合作关系，为“一带一路”倡议提供重要科学支撑“的总体目标。

Title: Metallogenic Mechanism of Collisional Orogenic Gold Deposits in Tethyan Tectonic Domain

Abstract：

Tethyan tectonic domain is the least studied one in the three biggest metallogenic domains in the world. In addition, the wellknown orogenic gold deposit model was proposed mainly based on extensive studies on shear zone hosted gold deposits in Precambrian metamorphic terrains. Most of previous researchers thought that orogenic gold deposits mainly occur in accreted terrains, and collisional orogenic belts are not in favor of gold mineralization. But in recent years, a lot of Cenozoic orogenic gold deposits were discovered in Tethys collisional orogenic belts, such as Zagros orogen in Iran, Au-Sb belt in South Tibet, Ailaoshan gold belt in Yunnan Province and W. Sichun gold belts. In this study, based on international cooperation and comparative investigation, we will focus continental collision, late collisional tectonic transformation and post collisional crustal extension and related gold mineralization, investigate the detailed deformation process of the shear zone and its relationship with gold enrichment, crust/mantle interaction and vertical material exchange, metallogenic periods and mechanism of the large-scale gold deposit, to explore gold enrichment mechanism during various evolution stages, and establish a new orogenic gold deposit model under continental collisional environment. Results of this study will be helpful for establishment of a new gold metallogenic model in continental collision and exploration of gold in the Tethyan tectonic domain, and also be helpful for the exploration of the key scientific problem three in this major research plan: Mineral and energy resource response to the one-way splitting and matching processes of multiple continental blocks.

主要参加人员：

1.孙晓明
2.翟伟
3.李登峰
4.张相国
5.易建洲
6. 曾庆高
7. Ali Sholeh
8. Seyed Ali Moosavi Makoei
9. 石贵勇
10.付宇
此外有8名研究生参与研究。